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Capacity limitation of nuclear units in grid based on analysis of frequency regulation

Yiping DAI, Pan JIANG, Lin GAO, Weimin KAN, Xiaoqing XIAO, Ge JIN

《能源前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第2期   页码 148-154 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0174-1

摘要: The increasing capacity of nuclear units in power grid poses threat to system stability and security. Load disturbance may cause overspeed of the units and trigger the overspeed protection controller (OPC). Repeating actions of valves have a strong impact on the security of the equipment and may result in a collapse of the power system. Based on the analysis of frequency regulation, mathematic models for nuclear units in the grid are established in this paper to simulate the dynamic process when load disturbance occurs. The critical action of the OPC is proposed as the constraint of safe operation for the units. The relationship between different styles of frequency regulation and the allowable capacity of the nuclear units in the grid is discussed. This research can help to estimate the capacity limitation of nuclear units in the grid.

关键词: nuclear units capacity     overspeed     primary frequency control (PFC)     second frequency control (SFC)    

Frequency domain a9ctive vibration control of a flexible plate based on neural networks

Jinxin LIU, Xuefeng CHEN, Zhengjia HE

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2013年 第8卷 第2期   页码 109-117 doi: 10.1007/s11465-013-0252-z

摘要:

A neural-network (NN)-based active control system was proposed to reduce the low frequency noise radiation of the simply supported flexible plate. Feedback control system was built, in which neural network controller (NNC) and neural network identifier (NNI) were applied. Multi-frequency control in frequency domain was achieved by simulation through the NN-based control systems. A pre-testing experiment of the control system on a real simply supported plate was conducted. The NN-based control algorithm was shown to perform effectively. These works lay a solid foundation for the active vibration control of mechanical structures.

关键词: active vibration control (AVC)     neural network (NN)     low frequency noise     frequency domain control     multi-frequency control    

NIM的微波-光学频率基准研究——复现米和秒定义

李天初

《中国工程科学》 2007年 第9卷 第6期   页码 27-31

摘要:

报道中国计量科学研究院(NIM)在微波-光学频率计量研究的新进展:用NIM4激光冷却-铯原子 喷泉钟复现国际单位制(SI)时间单位秒(s),用飞秒(FS)光学频率梳间接复现长度单位米(m)并标定稳频 激光波长实际实施米定义。NIM4铯原子喷泉钟的不确定度达到5×10-15,飞秒(FS)光梳锁定到NIM4钟控制的 氢钟后,其频率不确定度为2.2×10-14。在此基础上讨论铯原子喷泉钟、稳频激光、FS光梳的作用、意义和相互 关系。最后简要介绍NIM5铯原子喷泉钟的研究进展和2006年起NIM立题研制锶原子存储

关键词: 计量     频率基准     稳频激光     铯原子喷泉钟     飞秒光梳    

A comprehensive review of wind power based power system frequency regulation

《能源前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第5期   页码 611-634 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0876-6

摘要: Wind power (WP) is considered as one of the main renewable energy sources (RESs) for future low-carbon and high-cost-efficient power system. However, its low inertia characteristic may threaten the system frequency stability of the power system with a high penetration of WP generation. Thus, the capability of WP participating in the system frequency regulation has become a research hotspot. In this paper, the impact of WP on power system frequency stability is initially presented. In addition, various existing control strategies of WP participating in frequency regulation are reviewed from the wind turbine (WT) level to the wind farm (WF) level, and their performances are compared in terms of operating principles and practical applications. The pros and cons of each control strategy are also discussed. Moreover, the WP combing with energy storage system (ESS) for system frequency regulation is explored. Furthermore, the prospects, future challenges, and solutions of WP participating in power system frequency regulation are summarized.

关键词: frequency regulation strategies     wind turbine generators     grid-forming control     model predictive control     energy storage system    

Load frequency control in deregulated power system with wind integrated system using fuzzy controller

Yajvender Pal VERMA, Ashwani KUMAR

《能源前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 245-254 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0218-6

摘要: This paper presents the analysis of load frequency control (LFC) of a deregulated two-area hydro-thermal power system using fuzzy logic controller, with doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) integrated into both the control areas. The deregulation of power sector has led to the formation of new companies for generation, transmission and distribution of power. The conventional two-area power system is modified to study the effects of the bilateral contracts of companies on the system dynamics. Deregulation creates highly competitive and distributed control environment, and the LFC becomes even more challenging when wind generators are also integrated into the system. The overall inertia of the system reduces, as the wind unit does not provide inertia and isolates from the grid during disturbances. The DFIGs integrated provide inertial support to the system through modified inertial control scheme, and arrests the initial fall in frequency after disturbance. The inertial control responds to frequency deviations, which takes out the kinetic energy of the wind turbine for improving the frequency response of the system. To enhance the participation of the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) in the frequency control, optimal values of the speed control parameters of the DFIG-based wind turbine have been obtained using integral square error (ISE) technique. The dynamics of the system have been obtained for a small load perturbation, and for contract violation using fuzzy controller.

关键词: frequency regulation     fuzzy controller     de-regulated power system     doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)     bilateral contract    

Dynamic contribution of variable-speed wind energy conversion system in system frequency regulation

Yajvender Pal VERMA, Ashwani KUMAR

《能源前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第2期   页码 184-192 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0185-y

摘要: Frequency regulation in a generation mix having large wind power penetration is a critical issue, as wind units isolate from the grid during disturbances with advanced power electronics controllers and reduce equivalent system inertia. Thus, it is important that wind turbines also contribute to system frequency control. This paper examines the dynamic contribution of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind turbine in system frequency regulation. The modified inertial support scheme is proposed which helps the DFIG to provide the short term transient active power support to the grid during transients and arrests the fall in frequency. The frequency deviation is considered by the controller to provide the inertial control. An additional reference power output is used which helps the DFIG to release kinetic energy stored in rotating masses of the turbine. The optimal speed control parameters have been used for the DFIG to increases its participation in frequency control. The simulations carried out in a two-area interconnected power system demonstrate the contribution of the DFIG in load frequency control.

关键词: doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)     load frequency control     inertial control     wind energy conversion system (WECS)    

H control in the frequency domain for a semi-active floor isolation system

Yundong SHI, Tracy C BECKER, Masahiro KURATA, Masayoshi NAKASHIMA

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 264-275 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0214-x

摘要: A floor isolation system installed in a single floor or room in a fixed base structure is designed to protect equipment. With this configuration, the input motions to the floor isolation from the ground motions are filtered by the structure, leaving the majority of the frequency content of the input motion lower than the predominant frequency of the structure. The floor isolation system should minimize the acceleration to protect equipment; however, displacement must also be limited to save floor space, especially with long period motion. Semi-active control with an control was adopted for the floor isolation system and a new input shaping filter was developed to account for the input motion characteristics and enhance the effectiveness of the control. A series of shake table tests for a semi-active floor isolation system using rolling pendulum isolators and a magnetic-rheological damper were performed to validate the control. Passive control using an oil damper was also tested for comparison. The test results show that the control effectively reduced acceleration for short period motions with frequencies close to the predominant frequency of the structure, as well as effectively reduced displacement for long period motions with frequencies close to the natural frequency of the floor isolation system. The control algorithm proved to be more advantageous than passive control because of its capacity to adjust control strategies according to the different motion frequency characteristics.

关键词: semi-active     floor isolation     H control     MR damper     shaping filter     shaking table test    

基于频域的PID广义预测控制器的鲁棒性分析

王繁珍,陈增强,姚向峰,袁著祉

《中国工程科学》 2006年 第8卷 第10期   页码 66-70

摘要:

推导了PID广义预测控制器(PID-GPC)的闭环反馈结构, 采用小增益定理获得了存在建模误差(MPM)情况下PID-GPC鲁棒稳定的一个充分条件。然后在频域内分析了PID-GPC控制器的参数选择对其鲁棒性的影响。

关键词: 预测控制     鲁棒性     频域     小增益定理     PID控制    

UNREDUCED MEGAGAMETOPHYTE FORMATION VIA SECOND DIVISION RESTITUTION CONTRIBUTES TO TETRAPLOID PRODUCTION

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第2期

摘要:

Seedless fruits are desirable in the citrus fresh fruit market. Triploid production via diploid × tetraploid interploidy crosses is thought to be the most efficient and widely-used strategy for the breeding of seedless citrus. Although ‘Orah’ mandarin has desirable organoleptic qualities, seeds in the fruits weaken its market competitiveness. To produce new seedless cultivars that are similar to ‘Orah’ mandarin, we performed three 2x × 4x crosses using ‘Orah’ mandarin as the seed parent to regenerate triploid plantlets. A total of 182 triploid and 36 tetraploid plantlets were obtained. By analyzing their genetic origins using nine novel single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, all of the triploids and tetraploids derived from these three crosses were proven to be hybrids. Also, we demonstrated that 2n megagametophyte formation in ‘Orah’ mandarin result in tetraploid production in these three interploidy crosses. These tetraploid plantlets were genotyped using eight pericentromeric SNP markers and nine centromere distal SNP markers. Based on the genotypes of the 2n megagametophytes, the parental heterozygosity rates in 16 SNP loci and all 2n megagametophytes were less than 50%, indicating that second division restitution was the mechanism underlying 2n megagametophyte formation at both the population and individual levels. These triploid hybrids enrich the germplasm available for seedless breeding. Moreover, the tetraploid hybrids are valuable as parents for ploidy breeding for the production of seedless citrus fruits.

 

关键词: Citrus / 2n gamete / interploidy hybridization / pericentromeric SNP marker / second division restitution    

High-order phase-field model with the local and second-order max-entropy approximants

Fatemeh AMIRI

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 406-416 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0475-5

摘要: We approximate the fracture surface energy functional based on phase-field method with smooth local maximum entropy (LME) and second-order maximum entropy (SME) approximants. The higher-order continuity of the meshfree methods such as LME and SME approximants allows to directly solve the fourth-order phase-field equations without splitting the fourth-order differential equation into two second-order differential equations. We will first show that the crack surface functional can be captured more accurately in the fourth-order model with smooth approximants such as LME, SME and B-spline. Furthermore, smaller length scale parameter is needed for the fourth-order model to approximate the energy functional. We also study SME approximants and drive the formulations. The proposed meshfree fourth-order phase-field formulation show more stable results for SME compared to LME meshfree methods.

关键词: second-order maximum entropy     local maximum entropy     second- and fourth-order phase-field models     B-spline    

Numerical simulation of sudden-expansion two-phase flows with two-scale second-order moment particle

ZENG Zhuoxiong, HAN Shoulei, ZHOU Lixing

《能源前沿(英文)》 2007年 第1卷 第2期   页码 202-206 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0026-6

摘要: A two-scale second-order moment particle turbulence model is developed, based on the concept of particle large-scale fluctuation due to turbulence and particle small-scale fluctuation due to collision. The model is employed to simulate gas-particle flows in a sudden-expansion chamber. Simulation results are compared with the experimental results and with those obtained by the single-scale second-order moment two-phase turbulence model. It is shown that the two-scale model is with higher calculating accuracy than the single-scale model.

关键词: gas-particle     single-scale second-order     large-scale fluctuation     second-order     sudden-expansion    

UNREDUCED MEGAGAMETOPHYTE FORMATION VIA SECOND DIVISION RESTITUTION CONTRIBUTES TO TETRAPLOID PRODUCTION

Qiangming XIA, Wei WANG, Kaidong XIE, Xiaomeng WU, Xiuxin DENG, Jude W. GROSSER, Wenwu GUO

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》   页码 302-313 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021385

摘要: Seedless fruits are desirable in the citrus fresh fruit market. Triploid production via diploid × tetraploid interploidy crosses is thought to be the most efficient and widely-used strategy for the breeding of seedless citrus. Although ‘Orah’ mandarin has desirable organoleptic qualities, seeds in the fruits weaken its market competitiveness. To produce new seedless cultivars that are similar to ‘Orah’ mandarin, we performed three 2x × 4x crosses using ‘Orah’ mandarin as the seed parent to regenerate triploid plantlets. A total of 182 triploid and 36 tetraploid plantlets were obtained. By analyzing their genetic origins using nine novel single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, all of the triploids and tetraploids derived from these three crosses were proven to be hybrids. Also, we demonstrated that 2n megagametophyte formation in ‘Orah’ mandarin result in tetraploid production in these three interploidy crosses. These tetraploid plantlets were genotyped using eight pericentromeric SNP markers and nine centromere distal SNP markers. Based on the genotypes of the 2n megagametophytes, the parental heterozygosity rates in 16 SNP loci and all 2n megagametophytes were less than 50%, indicating that second division restitution was the mechanism underlying 2n megagametophyte formation at both the population and individual levels. These triploid hybrids enrich the germplasm available for seedless breeding. Moreover, the tetraploid hybrids are valuable as parents for ploidy breeding for the production of seedless citrus fruits.

关键词: Citrus     2n gamete     interploidy hybridization     pericentromeric SNP marker     second division restitution    

解决未来低惯量电力系统的频率控制难题——英国视角 Perspective

洪启腾, Md Asif Uddin Khan, Callum Henderson, Agustí Egea-Àlvarez, Dimitrios Tzelepis, Campbell Booth

《工程(英文)》 2021年 第7卷 第8期   页码 1057-1063 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.06.005

摘要:

为实现全球艰巨的脱碳目标,电力系统需大规模整合可再生能源发电,这大大降低了系统惯量。除了系统惯量的降低,英国的输电系统还有一些特有的难题:其容量相对较小,同时又与其他输电系统分离,并且可再生资源在整个系统中的分布很大程度上不均匀。本文聚焦英国的输电系统,就低惯量系统中频率控制的相关挑战以及可能的解决方案提出了见解和建议。本文重点讨论了在不同时间尺度上发挥作用的三种主要技术:同步调相机、惯量模拟和快速频率响应。文中借鉴了英国最近的研究和开发项目,评估了其相对优势和局限性及其在解决未来低惯量系统频率控制难题方面的作用。

关键词: 快速频率控制     惯量模拟     同步补偿     低惯量系统    

高频真空木材干燥的模糊神经网络控制方法研究

姜滨,孙丽萍,曹军,周正

《中国工程科学》 2014年 第16卷 第4期   页码 17-20

摘要:

高频真空木材干燥是一种干燥速度快、能源消耗低、环境污染小的新型联合干燥技术。在木材高频真空联合干燥过程的理论分析基础上,针对神经网络方法建立的木材干燥模型,设计了木材干燥模糊控制器和模糊神经网络控制器。对模糊控制和模糊神经网络两种控制方法进行了仿真实验,结果表明模糊神经网络方法控制效果更好,如温度上升快,控制精度高,稳定性好。模糊神经网络控制方法对实现木材干燥过程的全自动控制具有重要研究意义。

关键词: 高频真空     木材干燥     模糊神经网络    

What should be done for the “second half” of China’s urbanization?

Chunfei WU, Xiaojiang LI, Pengfei LI

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2018年 第5卷 第2期   页码 276-277 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017106

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Capacity limitation of nuclear units in grid based on analysis of frequency regulation

Yiping DAI, Pan JIANG, Lin GAO, Weimin KAN, Xiaoqing XIAO, Ge JIN

期刊论文

Frequency domain a9ctive vibration control of a flexible plate based on neural networks

Jinxin LIU, Xuefeng CHEN, Zhengjia HE

期刊论文

NIM的微波-光学频率基准研究——复现米和秒定义

李天初

期刊论文

A comprehensive review of wind power based power system frequency regulation

期刊论文

Load frequency control in deregulated power system with wind integrated system using fuzzy controller

Yajvender Pal VERMA, Ashwani KUMAR

期刊论文

Dynamic contribution of variable-speed wind energy conversion system in system frequency regulation

Yajvender Pal VERMA, Ashwani KUMAR

期刊论文

H control in the frequency domain for a semi-active floor isolation system

Yundong SHI, Tracy C BECKER, Masahiro KURATA, Masayoshi NAKASHIMA

期刊论文

基于频域的PID广义预测控制器的鲁棒性分析

王繁珍,陈增强,姚向峰,袁著祉

期刊论文

UNREDUCED MEGAGAMETOPHYTE FORMATION VIA SECOND DIVISION RESTITUTION CONTRIBUTES TO TETRAPLOID PRODUCTION

期刊论文

High-order phase-field model with the local and second-order max-entropy approximants

Fatemeh AMIRI

期刊论文

Numerical simulation of sudden-expansion two-phase flows with two-scale second-order moment particle

ZENG Zhuoxiong, HAN Shoulei, ZHOU Lixing

期刊论文

UNREDUCED MEGAGAMETOPHYTE FORMATION VIA SECOND DIVISION RESTITUTION CONTRIBUTES TO TETRAPLOID PRODUCTION

Qiangming XIA, Wei WANG, Kaidong XIE, Xiaomeng WU, Xiuxin DENG, Jude W. GROSSER, Wenwu GUO

期刊论文

解决未来低惯量电力系统的频率控制难题——英国视角

洪启腾, Md Asif Uddin Khan, Callum Henderson, Agustí Egea-Àlvarez, Dimitrios Tzelepis, Campbell Booth

期刊论文

高频真空木材干燥的模糊神经网络控制方法研究

姜滨,孙丽萍,曹军,周正

期刊论文

What should be done for the “second half” of China’s urbanization?

Chunfei WU, Xiaojiang LI, Pengfei LI

期刊论文